Douglasian Cultural Model in Indian Context Essay

IntroductionTodays world is being dominated by daily innovations in technology and increase globalization which eithereviates organizations to spread and to operate glob wholey in a successful way. either organisation operate at a global level is trying to alter their financial profits. The success of such organizations greatly depends on their pass waterforce and their decision-making capabilities. Many propagation the goodity of such decisions give way been questi whizd because of the profit de termined strategies of these organizations.As Nobel Prize winner economic expert Milton Friedman quotes, An executives responsibility chiefly will be to make as much money as attainable while conforming to their basic rules of the society, both(prenominal) those embodied in law and those embodied in respectable custom. The decision-making cognitive adjoin and hence honestity of the decisions in such organisations is greatly watchd by the acculturation of the exploitf orce. Bartels (1967) was one of the first to note of hand the importance of the habit of nicety in good decision-making. at that place are distinguishable studies which argue the vicissitude of ethical decision-making base on variant perspective for example, Vitell, Nwachukwu and Barnes, 1993 talk over the effect of farming on ethical decision-making with the help of Hofsteds typology while Patel and Schaefer, 2009 discuss the aforementioned(prenominal) with the help of Douglasian pagan surmise (CT) perspective in the Indian place layting.summaryPatel and Schaefers word discusses the impact of finishing on ethical decision-making from a Douglasian pagan surmisal (CT) perspective. It apologizes the dynamic ethical demeanour of the individual with quadruplet solidarities of CT. The Article too discusses the line of products morals in the Indian context. Authors argue that applying atmospherics conception of socialisation to the process of ethical decisi on-making in backup results in several problems. The Authors propose CT as an alternative model to these nonoperational conceptions to avoid these problems. The Article says that every neighborly system is ethically plural because of the aim of all four solidarities together. An Individual from various solidarities whitethorn grant a various perception of an issues object lesson intensity which whitethorn lead to distinct levels of moral awareness and hence to un resembling moral reckonments. The Article explores the dynamicity and diversity of ethical decision-making in stock use the CT framework within the Indian context with examples of Amul, SEWA, Tata Steel, ONGC and Reliance.StrengthsThis denomination offers an alternative approach of CT stating the impact of culture on ethical decision-making process in logical argument. Authors argue that applying the silent conception of culture to the business morality results in distinguishable problems corresponding field of study stereotyping, focus on only subject area ethnic aspect ignoring the new(prenominal) aspects and large generalisation of culture at guinea pig level. This article strongly supports the scholars who challenge the essentialist culture approach like Hofstedian framework. Singh (1990) and Bosland (1985a) direct shown that it is possible to put one across different scores on the four Hofstedian dimensions within the equivalent coarse. at that placefrom there is possibility of difference in ethical behaviour within the uniform country. The Authors also talk active the alike ethical dynamicity in behaviour.The article potently illustrates the diversity in business ethics within Indian context victimisation CT model. The Article talks more or less the different ethnical patterns existing in same corporation at same time. This article supports the argument by Sathe (1985) which says that although, the term corporate culture is used as if organisations have a monolithic culture, nearly companies have more than one set of beliefs influencing the behaviour of employees.The Article also supports the Thompsons (1997 a-c) theory who argues that same individual could be a member of different solidarities in different contexts which explains the different ethical behaviour of an individual at a different social context. as well as the article studies the ethical practices of different types of companies and business entities to understand the business ethics beyond large hush-hush corporations with respect to all the four solidarities of CT. The article debates well-nigh the dynamicity of ethical decision-making by citing the examples of all the solidarities existing in different Indian corporations. Also it talks over about the historical and philosophical background for the borrowing of different ethical strategies by different corporations.WeaknessesThe article explains the process of ethical decision-making in business from a Douglasia n Cultural Theory perspective only. The article does not signalise many other factors beyond culture that may account for differences in work behaviour across nations. Scholars like Parboteeah and Cullen (2003) have suggested the need to include noncultural factors to isolate the influence of culture on ethical behaviour. Also many scholars have talked about the other personal characteristics like education, hop on, gender and worship that affect the ethical decision-making but they have not put any illuminate on this part in the article. agree to Kracher, Chatterjee and Lundquist, education plays an weighty and positive role in ones ethical decision-making. Also Singhapakdi et al. JBE (1996) talk about the kin amid ethical sensitivity and age being significantly positive.Ameen, et al., (1996) suggests that ethical judgments modify according to gender, where females have historically been more ethical compared to males. According to Singhapakdi et al JBE (2000), there is a positive relationship between religion and perception of an ethical problem. The article has not mentioned all these perspectives while considering the process of ethical decision-making. Patel and Schaefer explained the ethical behaviour in Indian business context with the help of CT and argue that as CT is not limited in its kitchen stove of application, what is true for one country should also be true for other countries. This contradicts the findings of the searchers like Tsui which states The major contexts that may separate one nation from another include the physical, historical, political, economic, social, and cultural. This may cause an individual from another country to behave differently in the same context compare to individual in India.My standpointThe research article applies CT model to explain the ethical decision-making process in business within Indian context which allows us to look beyond static and limited conception of field culture. The authors have explai ned the ethical behaviours using examples of different Indian business entities. Since India is one of the largest development economies, this research paper will be useful in providing the insights of the ethical practices in India. In my opinion, the authors have raised binding questions about the studies that link static conceptions of the culture to the business ethics. The authors have successfully associated dynamicity in ethical behaviours with the different cultural patterns as per CT which proves the existence of all the four solidarities in every social system. penning also gives us insights about how all the solidarities co-exist and try to dominate from each one other. The Authors explain it in an Indian context citing examples for each solidarity.Moreover, authors have highlighted the important fact that managers operating under different cultural patterns may perceive and attend to information about moral issues differently which results in different ethical behavio urs. The article considered the very important factors of history and politics that may have influenced while discussing dynamicity of ethical behaviours within Indian context. I am of the opinion that the Douglasian cultural theory is not sufficient to judge the ethical behaviour in business. There are many other factors like education, age, gender and religion which hold a significant role in the decision-making process. The authors have failed to consider these factors. I believe the context of the above mentioned factors would have made this research work more reliable. Also I disagree with the authors argument of what is true for India should also be true for other countries since every country has a different political, economical, cultural and physical background.ConclusionTaran Patel and Anja Schaefer have criticized the static and limited conception of culture to ethical decision-making in business. They have provided the alternative approach of Douglasian cultural theory to explain the dynamicity and diversity in ethical behaviours with the help of examples from business entities in India. The Authors advocate that the managers should be slight to the beliefs of all the four solidarities to be more effective. The Authors also agree that more confirmable and theoretical work is needed to ratify the relationship between the cultural patterns and business ethics.ReferencesBartels, R. 1967, A Model for morality in trade, ledger of Marketing, Vol. 31, No. 1 (Jan., 1967), pp. 20-26Vitell S, Nwachukwu S and Barnes J. 1993, The Effects of Culture on Ethical Decision-Making An Application of Hofstedes Typology, journal of ancestry Ethics,Vol. 12, No. 10 (Oct., 1993), pp. 753-760Hofstede, G. 1980. (Revised in 1984). Cultures Consequences transnational Differences in Work-related Values. Sage Publications.Singh, J. 1990. Managing Culture and Work-related Values in India. Organization Studies, 11(1) 75-101Bosland, N. 1985a.An evaluation of Replication Studies using the Values Survey Module.Institute for Research on Intercultural Cooperation, Rijks-universiteit Limburg Working Paper 85-2, MaastrichtSathe, V. 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